•Excess density required to sink (Smayda, 1970)
•Diatoms sink readily (compared to picoplankton)
•Recently, that CaCO3 is necessary to sink deeply
–Sinking SiO2 carries 2.6 % by weight Org. C. while CaCO3 carries 7 % (Klaas and Archer, in prep.)
–SiO2 sinks more slowly than CaCO3 (Berelson)
–SiO2 remineralizes more shallowly than CaCO3 
– (ZSiO2 ~1000 m vs. ZCaCO3 ~2500 m)
Role of Ballast