Instructions to Authors

Submission of Papers
Authors are requested to submit their original manuscript and figures with two copies to the Guest Editor of the relevant Special Issue. Authors should ensure that they submit manuscripts and meet any additional requirements in line with deadlines set by the Guest Editor(s) to ensure that the entire issue can be published in a timely fashion.

In most instances, revised manuscripts must be re-submitted within six months of receipt by the author. Failure to do so may lead to additional review, in some instances, rejection of the paper.

Submission of a paper implies that it has not been published previously, that it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere, and that if accepted it will not be published elsewhere in the same form, in English or in any other language, without the written consent of the publisher.

Manuscript Preparation
General: Manuscripts must be typewritten, double-spaced with wide margins on one side of white paper. Good quality printouts with a font size of 12 or 10 pt are required. The corresponding author should be identified (include a Fax number and E-mail address). Full postal addresses must be given for all co-authors. Authors should consult a recent issue of the journal for style if possible. An electronic copy of the paper should accompany the final version. The Editors reserve the right to adjust style to certain standards of uniformity. Authors should retain a copy of their manuscript since we cannot accept responsibility for damage or loss of papers. Original manuscripts are discarded one month after publication unless the Publisher is asked to return original material after use.

Paper Length: Authors should try to confine the text to no more than 25-30 pages, with a total manuscript length (including figures and tables) of 45-50 pages.

Abstracts: The essential contents of each paper should be recapitulated briefly in an abstract of no more than 500 words at the head of the paper.

Keywords: Please provide up to six subject keywords, plus regional index terms. At least four of the subject keywords should be selected from the Aquatic Science & Fisheries Thesaurus. An electronic version of the Thesaurus can be found at: http://www.csa.com/helpV3/ab.html. You may also find a paper version in your library. The Regional terms should be provided as a hierarchical string, e.g; USA, California, Monterey Bay. Authors are also encouraged to submit geographic bounding coordinates at the end of the keyword string.

Text: Follow this order when typing manuscripts: Title, Authors, Affiliations, Abstract, Keywords, Main text, Acknowledgements, Appendix, References, Vitae, Figure Captions and then Tables. Do not import the Figures or Tables into your text. The corresponding author should be identified with an asterisk and footnote. All other footnotes (except for table footnotes) should be identified with superscript Arabic numbers.

Units: In general, metric units should be used, preferably the Systeme International (SI). If other units are used (fathoms, F, knots, etc), the metric equivalents must be given in parentheses () or by presenting the dimensionally correct conversion factors as a footnote.

References: All publications cited in the text should be presented in a list of references following the text of the manuscript. In the text refer to the author's name (without initials) and year of publication e.g. "Since Peterson (1993) has shown that ..." or "This is in agreement with results obtained later (Kramer, 1994)". For three or more authors use the first author followed by "et al.", in the text. The list of references should be arranged alphabetically by authors' names. The manuscript should be carefully checked to ensure that the spelling of authors' names and dates are exactly the same in the text as in the reference list. The title of the journal should not be abbreviated; titles of journals in Russian language should be transliterated and not translated.
References should be given in the following form:

Gooday, A.J., Bett, B.J., Shires, R., Lambshead, P.J.D., 1998. Deep-sea benthic foraminiferal species diversity in the NE Atlantic and NW Arabian sea: a synthesis. Deep Sea Research Part II 45 (1-3), 165-201.

Hessler, R.R., Wilson, G.D.F., 1983. The origin and biogeography of malacostracan crustaceans in the deep sea.
In: Sims, R.W., Price, J.H., Whalley, P.E.S. (Eds.), Evolution, Time and Space: The Emergence of the Biosphere. Academic Press, London, pp. 227-254.

Thiel, H., 1983. Benthos size classification. Deep-Sea Newsletter 20, 8-11.

References to unpublished literature should be set out in the format detailed below. The following information needs to be provided: Names and initials of all authors, year. Title of work. All other relevant information needed to identify item (e.g., technical report, Ph.D. thesis, institute, current status i.e. in press/unpublished, etc).

Moustakas, N., 1990. Relationships of morphological and physicochemical properties of Vertisols under Greek climate conditions. Ph.D. Thesis, Agricultural Univ., Athens, Greece, unpublished.

The following provide examples of appropriate citation formats for non-text and electronic-only information. However, it is requested that a Web site address, or listserver message is given as a reference only where the information is unavailable in a more permanent form. If such sources are given, then please give as complete information as possible.

Jones, P., 1996. Research activities at Smith Technology Institute. WWW Page, http://www.sti.com/about_us/research.

Smith, F., Peabody, A.N., 1997. Hydrographic data for the Sargasso Sea, July-September 1993, SarSea mission. (Deep-Sea Data Centre, Hull, UK), online, dataset, 740 MB, http://www.dcdc.gov.

Green, A., 1991. Deformations in Acanthaster planci from the Coral Sea, observed during UEA Special Project 7, July 1978. Journal of Pollution Research 14 (7) suppl, CD-ROM, photographic images, 240 MB.

James, Z., 1997. Ecological effects of sea wall construction during 1994 at Bridlington, UK. Listserver Message, Eco-list, 20 October 1995.

Illustrations: All illustrations should be provided in camera-ready form, suitable for reproduction (which may include reduction) without retouching. Photographs, charts and diagrams are all to be referred to as "Figure(s)" and should be numbered consecutively in the order to which they are referred. They should accompany the manuscript, but should not be included within the text. All illustrations should be clearly marked on the back with the figure number and the author's name. All figures are to have a caption. Captions should be supplied on a separate sheet.
Line drawings: Good quality printouts on white paper produced in black ink are required. All lettering, graph lines and points on graphs should be sufficiently large and bold to permit reproduction when the diagram has been reduced to a size suitable for inclusion in the journal. Dye-line prints or photocopies are not suitable for reproduction. Do not use any type of shading on computer-generated illustrations.
Photographs: Original photographs must be supplied as they are to be reproduced (e.g. black and white or colour). If necessary, a scale should be marked on the photograph. Please note that photocopies of photographs are not acceptable. Half-tone illustrations should be kept to a minimum.
Fold-in charts and colour: The cost of fold-in charts or diagrams and of colour plates must be borne by the author or his institution.

Tables: Tables should be numbered consecutively and given a suitable caption and each table typed on a separate sheet. Footnotes to tables should be typed below the table and should be referred to by superscript lowercase letters. No vertical rules should be used. Tables should not duplicate results presented elsewhere in the manuscript, (e.g. in graphs).

Electronic Submission
Authors should submit an electronic copy of their paper with the final version of the manuscript. The electronic copy should match the hardcopy exactly. For authors using LaTex, the document style files, as well as the instructions "Preparing articles with LaTex" in the form of a dvi file, can be obtained free of charge from any host on the Comprehensive Tex Archive Network (CTAN) using anonymous ftp. The primary CTAN hosts are ftp.dante.de and ftp.tex.ac.uk. The Elsevier macros are in /pub/tex/macros/latex/contrib/supported/elsevier. These can also be downloaded from the Internet site: http://www.tex.ac.uk. Always keep a backup copy of the electronic file for reference and safety. Full details of electronic submission and other formats can be obtained from http://www.elsevier.nl/locate/disksub/ or from Author Services at Elsevier Science.

Proofs
Proofs will be sent to the author (first named author if no corresponding author is identified of multi-authored papers) and should be returned within 48 hours of receipt. Corrections should be restricted to typesetting errors; any others may be charged to the author. Any queries should be answered in full. Please note that authors are urged to check their proofs carefully before return, since the inclusion of late corrections cannot be guaranteed. If authors are expecting to be away from their office when the proofs arrive, arrangements should be made with colleagues for the proofs to be checked in the author's absence. Proofs are to be returned to the Log-in Department, Elsevier Science, The Boulevard, Langford Lane, Kidlington, Oxford OX5 1GB, UK.

Offprints
Fifty offprints and a copy of the issue will be supplied free of charge to each corresponding author. Additional offprints and copies of the issue can be ordered at a specially reduced rate using the order form sent to the corresponding author after the manuscript has been accepted. Orders for reprints will incur a 50% surcharge.

Copyright
All authors must sign the "Transfer of Copyright" agreement before the article can be published. This transfer agreement enables Elsevier Science Ltd to protect the copyrighted material for the authors, but does not relinquish the author's proprietary rights. The copyright transfer covers the exclusive rights to reproduce and distribute the article, including reprints, photographic reproductions, microfilm or any other reproductions of similar nature and translations. Includes the right to adapt the article for use in conjunction with computer systems and programs, including reproduction or publication in machine-readable form and incorporation in retrieval systems. Authors are responsible for obtaining from the copyright holder permission to reproduce any figures for which copyright exists.

Author Services
For queries relating to the general submission of manuscripts (including electronic text and artwork) and the status of accepted manuscripts, please contact Author Services, Log-in Department, Elsevier Science, The Boulevard, Langford Lane, Kidlington, Oxford OX5 1GB, UK. E-mail: authors@elsevier.co.uk, Fax: +44 (0) 1865 843905, Tel: +44 (0) 1865 843900.
Authors can also keep a track of the progress of their accepted article through our OASIS system on the Internet. For information on an article go to the Internet page http://www.elsevier.nl/oasis and key in the corresponding author's name and the Elsevier reference number.
 

This information can also be accessed directly from Elsevier at: http://www.elsevier.nl/locate/dsr2 or http://www.elsevier.com/locate/dsr2