U.S. JGOFS Project Description

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Project Description

Synthesis and Modeling Project: Description

Understanding the carbon flows between the euphotic zone and 1000m depth

Investigators: George Jackson and Adrian Burd
Co-Investigators: Martin Angel and Richard Lampitt

Funded by: U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF)

PROJECT DESCRIPTION:	This work will develop a more detailed understanding of carbon flows below the euphotic zone. The 100-1000m depth region is important to study because large amounts of organic matter enter this region as particles settling out of the euphotic zone, but only small amounts exit by falling through the lower depth limit. In particular we will incorporate the role of organisms so as to be able to describe the carbon flows between different groups of animals and bacteria. Preliminary models suggest that the timing and magnitude of seasonal productivity can dramatically affect the amount of material that passes through on its way to the ocean floor. We plan to use data from several study areas including the sites of the JGOFS field programs starting with that of the North Atlantic Bloom Experiment. This project should stimulate further studies of the sub-euphotic zone by highlighting the important processes determining the fate of oceanic primary production. The results should help the development of better global models of the carbon cycle.
RESULTS:	Vertical Particle Flux Model with Predator-Prey Interactions
PUBLICATIONS:	Jackson, G. A., and A. B. Burd. 2002. A model for the distribution of particle flux in the mid-water column controlled by subsurface biotic interactions. Deep-Sea Research II 49: 193-217. Burd, A. B., and G. A. Jackson. 2002. Modeling steady state particle size spectra. Environ. Sci. Technol. 36: 323-327. Boyd, P. W., G. A. Jackson, and A. M. Waite. 2002. Are mesoscale perturbation experiments in polar waters prone to physical artefacts? Evidence from algal aggregation modelling studies. Geophys. Res. Let. 29: 10.1029/2001GL014210 Jackson, G. A. 2002. Collecting the garbage of the sea: the role of aggregation in ocean carbon transport. US JGOFS Newsletter 11 (4): 1-3, 10. Burd, A. B., and G. A. Jackson. 2002. Illuminating the twilight zone: the effects of biological activity on midwater particle flux. US JGOFS Newletter 12 (1): 5-6. Stemmann, L., G. A. Jackson, and D. Ianson. 2004. A vertical model of particle size distributions and fluxes in the midwater column that includes biological and physical processes. I. Model formulation. Deep-Sea Res. I, 51: 865--884 Stemmann, L., G. A. Jackson, and G. Gorsky. 2004. A vertical model of particle size distributions and fluxes in the midwater column that includes biological and physical processes. II. Application to a three year survey in the NW Mediterranean Sea. Deep-Sea Res. I 51: 885-908. Burd, A. B., G. A. Jackson, R. S. Lampitt, and M. Follows. 2002. Shining a light on the ocean's twilight zone. EOS. 83 (49): 573 Jackson, G. A., and T. Kiørboe. 2004. Zooplankton use of chemodetection to find and eat particles. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 269: 153--162. Ianson, D., G. A. Jackson, R. Lampitt, M. Angel, and A. B. Burd. The effect of net avoidance on estimates of diel vertical migration. Limnol. Oceanogr. Accepted, June 2004. Visser, A. W., and G. A. Jackson. Characteristics of the chemical plume behind a sinking particle in a turbulent water column. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. Accepted, July 2004.
RELATED PROJECTS:	Jackson "Development of upper-ocean aggregation models useful for interpreting and predicting carbon fluxes" (published in Final Data Report, volume 2) Ducklow, Roman, Jackson "Collaborative research: Ecosystem structure, biogeochemical fluxes and vulnerability to climate change perturbations"
INVESTIGATOR INFORMATION:	George A. Jackson Department of Oceanography Texas A&M University College Station, TX 77843 tel: (979) 845-0405 fax: (979) 845-8219 gjackson@ocean.tamu.edu http://oceanography.tamu.edu/~ecomodel/People/George/george.html Adrian Burd Department of Marine Sciences University of Georgia Athens, GA 30602-3636 tel: (706) 542-1604 fax: (706) 542-5888 htt p://alpha.marsci.uga.edu/Department_page/Profiles/aburd.htm Martin Angel George Deacon Division for Ocean Processes Southampton Oceanography Center University of Southampton European Way Southampton, SO14 3ZH United Kingdom tel: +44 0 23 8059 6666 m.v.angel@soc.soton.ac.uk Richard Lampitt George Deacon Division for Ocean Processes Southampton Oceanography Center University of Southampton European Way Southampton, SO14 3ZH United Kingdom tel: +44 0 23 8059 6347/6348 fax: +44 0 23 8059 6247 r.lampitt@soc.soton.ac.uk http://www.soc.soton.ac.uk/GDD/midbio/Rsl_web1.htm