SAMPLING METHODS
PI: F. Sayles and W. Martin
of: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
Designation Description Method
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In Situ WCS In situ whole-core squeezing; Martin & Sayles, 1996
high-resolution in situ sampling Bender, et. al. 1987
near the sediment-water interface
In situ Pore In situ, harpoon-type sampling; Martin & Sayles, 1996
Waters coarse resolution sampling
Lab WCS Laboratory whole-core squeezing Martin & Sayles, 1996
on recovered cores; high resolution Bender, et. al. 1987
sampling near the sediment-water
interface
Centrifuged Pore water separated from sediment Martin & Sayles, 1996
Cores by sectioning of recovered cores
and centrifugation
ANALYTICAL METHODS
Designation Description Method
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A. Solids
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Porosity wet weight / dry weight
(salt corrected)
Resistivity profiling probe with 4mm Andrews & Bennett, 1981
electrode spacing
Pb-210 & direct gamma counting of dried Cutshall, et. al. 1983
Th-234 and ground sediments
CaCO3 total carbon-organic carbon CHN Analyzer
C_org removal of CaCO3, combustion
and gas chromatography
biogenic opal Na2CO3 leach Mortlock & Froelich, 1989
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B. Solutes
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O2 electrode; Winkler titration Martin et. al.. 1991
NO3 nitrate + nitrite Glibert & Loder, 1977
SiO2 silica Glibert & Loder, 1977
TCO2 total carbon dioxide Hach Carle GC
Alkalinity automated Gran titration Gieskes & Rogers, 1973
NH4 ammonium Glibert & Loder, 1977
PO4 phosphate Glibert & Loder, 1977
REFERENCES
Andrews D. and Bennett A. (1981), Measurements of diffusivity near the
sediment-water interface with a fine-scale resistivity probe.
Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, v.45, pp.2169-2175
Bender M., Martin W., Hess J., Sayles F., Ball L., and Lambert C. (1987),
A whole-core squeezer for interstitial pore-water sampling. Limnol.
Oceanogr., v.32, pp.1214-1225
Cutshall N.H., Larsen I.L., and Olsen, C.R. (1983), Direct analysis of
Pb210 in sediment samples: self-absorption corrections. Nuclear Instr.
Methods, v.206, pp.309-312
Gieskes J.M. and Rogers W.C. (1973), Alkalinity determination in inter-
stitial waters of marine sediments. J. Sediment. Petrol., v.43,
pp.272-277
Glibert P.L. and Loder T.C. (1977), Automated analysis of nutrients in
seawater: a manual of techniques. Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
Martin W.R. and Sayles F.L. (1996), CaCO3 dissolution in sediments of
the Ceara Rise; western equatorial Atlantic. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta,
v.60, pp.243-263
Martin W.R., Bender M., Leinen M. and Orchardo J. (1991), Benthic organic
carbon degradation and biogenic silica dissolution in the central
equatorial Pacific. Deep-Sea Research, v.12, pp.1481-1516
Mortlock R.A. and Froelich P.N. (1989), A simple method for the rapid
determination of biogenic opal in pelagic marine sediments.
Deep-Sea Research, v.36, pp1415-1426
Sayles F.L., Martin, W.R., Chase, Z. and Anderson, R.F. (2001), Benthic
remineralization and buriel of biogenic SiO2, CaCO3, organic carbon,
and detrital material in the Southern Ocean along a transect at
170 degrees West. Deep-Sea Research II, in press